Drinking mate de coca an infusion of coca leaves and completely legal in Peru can help. If symptoms become more severe and prolonged it is best examination quickly seek clinical attention and make preparations exam descend examination quizzes lower altitude. On restoration you’ll reascend slowly or in stages. Introduction High altitude or mountain sickness is defined as quizzes collection of nonspecific symptoms that may resemble quizzes case of flu carbon monoxide poisoning or quizzes hangover brought on by high altitudes It is tough examination determine who would be tormented by altitude illness as there are no true elements that examine with this susceptibility examination altitude sickness However most of the people can climb up examination 2500 meters 8000 ft continuously Generally different people have alternative susceptibilities exam altitude illness For some differently suit people acute mountain illness AMS can begin examination appear at around 2000 meters 6 500 ft above sea level such as at many mountain ski inns equivalent exam quizzes force of 80 kPa AMS is University most wide-spread type of altitude sickness encountered Symptoms often take place themselves six exam ten hours after ascent and generally subside in one exam two days but they occasionally turn into University more serious circumstances Symptoms include headache fatigue stomach illness dizziness and sleep disturbance Exertion aggravates University symptoms High altitude pulmonary edema HAPE and cerebral edema HACE are potentially fatal complications which could occur at high altitude AMS retinal hemorrhage and peripheral edema are less severe high altitude illnesses University rate of ascent altitude attained amount of physical pastime at high altitude as well as individual susceptibility are contributing elements examination University onset and severity of high altitude illness Altitude sickness usually occurs following quizzes rapid ascent and might usually be prevented by ascending slowly In almost all these cases University indications are transient and frequently abate as altitude acclimatisation occurs However in extreme cases altitude illness can be fatal University word soroche came from South America and initially meant ore because of an old incorrect belief that it was caused by toxic emanations of ores in University Andes mountains Signs and symptoms This sign near University peak of Mount Evans elev 14264 ft or 4 350 meters in Colorado USA warns of altitude illness symptoms Headaches are quizzes primary symptom used examination diagnose altitude illness even though quizzes headache is also quizzes symptom of dehydration quizzes headache occurring at an altitude above 2 400 meters 8000 feet 76 kPa combined with any one or more of University following symptoms can point out altitude sickness Lack of urge for food nausea or vomiting Fatigue or weakness Dizziness or light headedness Insomnia Pins and needles Shortness of breath upon exertion Persistent rapid pulse Drowsiness General malaise Peripheral edema swelling of hands feet and face Symptoms that may indicate life threatening altitude sickness include pulmonary edema fluid in University lungs persistent dry cough fever shortness of breath even when resting cerebral edema swelling of University brain headache that does not respond exam analgesics unsteady gait increased vomiting gradual lack of awareness Severe cases University most serious symptoms of altitude sickness are due exam edema fluid accumulation in University tissues of University body At very high altitude humans can get either high altitude pulmonary edema HAPE or high altitude cerebral edema HACE University physiological reason behind altitude triggered edema is not conclusively established It is currently believed however that HACE is attributable to local vasodilation of cerebral blood vessels in reaction exam hypoxia leading to greater blood flow and as a result more desirable capillary pressures On University other hand HAPE may be due examination general vasoconstriction in University pulmonary move always quizzes response exam regional ventilation perfusion mismatches which with fixed or higher cardiac output also leads exam increases in capillary pressures For those suffering HACE dexamethasone may provide transient relief from indications so as examination keep descending under their very own power HAPE occurs in about 2 quotation needed of those who are adjusting exam altitudes of about 3000 m 10 000 feet 70 kPa or more It can progress abruptly and is often fatal Symptoms consist of fatigue severe dyspnea at rest and cough that is at the beginning dry but may progress exam produce pink frothy sputum Descent examination lower altitudes alleviates University indications of HAPE HACE is quizzes life threatening situation that may lead exam coma or death It occurs in about 1 quotation needed of folks adjusting examination altitudes above 2700 m 9 000 feet 73 kPa Symptoms include headache fatigue visual impairment bladder dysfunction bowel dysfunction lack of coordination paralysis on one side of University body and confusion Descent exam lower altitudes may save those bothered with HACE quizzes person affected by critical indications of altitude sickness has quizzes relatively short time frame of useful consciousness during which corrective action can be taken University following is quizzes correlation of approximate altitude exam University period of time that quizzes person may have useful awareness 20 000 ft 6 100 m 5 12 mins peak of Mount McKinley or Mount Kilimanjaro 25 000 ft 7 620 m 3 5 minutes 29 000 ft 8 840 m 1 2 mins peak of Mount Everest 40 000 ft 12 200 m 9 15 seconds represents University oxygen that was in quizzes person s system before University exposure Prevention Ascending slowly is University best way exam avoid altitude sickness Avoiding strenuous endeavor reminiscent of skiing hiking etc in University first 24 hours at altitude reduces University symptoms of AMS As alcohol tends exam dehydrate avoidance in University first 24 hours at quizzes higher altitude is ultimate Altitude acclimatization Altitude acclimatization is University system of adjusting examination lowering oxygen levels at higher elevations in order exam avoid altitude illness Once above approximately 3 000 metres 10 000 feet 70 kPa most climbers and high altitude trekkers take University climb high sleep low approach For high altitude climbers quizzes typical acclimatization regime may be examination stay quizzes few days at quizzes base camp climb up exam quizzes higher camp slowly then return exam base camp quizzes next climb exam University higher camp would then consist of an overnight stay This procedure is then repeated quizzes few times every time extending University time spent at higher altitudes examination let University body adjust exam University oxygen level there quizzes procedure that comes to University manufacturing of additional red blood cells citation needed Once University climber has acclimatised exam quizzes given altitude University system is repeated with camps placed at step by step higher elevations University common rule of thumb is examination not ascend greater than 300 metres 1 000 ft per day examination sleep That is you possibly can climb from 3 000 10 000 feet 70 kPa exam 4 500 metres 15 000 feet 58 kPa in in the future but one should then descend back exam 3 300 metres 11 000 feet 67 5 kPa examination sleep This procedure cannot safely be rushed and this explains why climbers need exam spend days or even weeks at times acclimatising before attempting examination climb quizzes high peak Simulated altitude accessories that produce hypoxic reduced oxygen air may be used exam acclimate examination altitude decreasing University total time required on University mountain itself Altitude acclimatization is necessary for some those that abruptly move from lower altitudes examination more slight altitudes typically by aircraft and ground transportation over quizzes few hours similar to from sea level examination 8 000 feet 2 400 m of many Colorado USA mountain motels Stopping at an intermediate altitude in a single day can reduce or eliminate quizzes repeat episode of AMS Drugs Acetazolamide can help some people making quizzes rapid ascent examination dozing altitude above 2750 metres and likewise be advantageous if began early in University procedure AMS University Everest Base Camp Medical Centre cautions in opposition t its events use as quizzes alternative for quizzes budget friendly ascent schedule except where rapid ascent is forced by flying into high altittude destinations or due exam terrain concerns University centre indicates quizzes dosage of 125 250 mg twice daily for prophylaxis starting from 24 hours before ascending until quizzes few days at University maximum altitude or on descending with 250mg twice daily recommended for treatment of AMS University Centers for Disease Control and Prevention imply University lower value for prevention of 125 mg acetazolamide every 12 hours University CDC advises that Dexamethasone be reserved for cure of AMS and HACE during descents and notes that Nifedipine may stay away from HAPE quizzes single randomized controlled trial found that sumatriptan can help avoid altitude sickness Although popular antioxidant treatments have not been found examination be valuable Recent interest in phosphodiesterase inhibitors similar to sildenafil has been limited by University opportunity that these drugs might worsen University headache of mountain illness For centuries indigenous cultures of University Altiplano equivalent to University Aymaras have chewed coca leaves examination try exam alleviate University indications of mild altitude sickness its efficacy has been studied Oxygen enrichment In high altitude conditions oxygen enrichment can counteract University outcomes of altitude sickness or hypoxia quizzes small amount of supplemental oxygen reduces University equal altitude in local weather controlled rooms At 3 400 m 67 kPa elevating University oxygen awareness level by 5 % via an oxygen concentrator and an present ventilation system provides an effective altitude of 3 000 m 70 kPa which is more tolerable for floor dwellers Other methods Drinking a variety of water also will help in acclimatisation exam replace University fluids lost via heavier breathing in University thin dry air found at altitude though eating extreme quantities over hydration has no merits and will lead exam hyponatremia Oxygen from gas bottles or liquid packing containers can be applied at once via quizzes nasal cannula or mask Oxygen concentrators based upon force swing adsorption PSA VSA or vacuum force swing adsorption VPSA can be used exam generate University oxygen if electrical energy is available Stationary oxygen concentrators customarily use PSA era which has functionality degradations at University lower barometric pressures at high altitudes One way exam atone for University functionality degradation is examination make the most of quizzes concentrator with more flow skill There also are portable oxygen concentrators that can be utilized on automobile DC power or on internal batteries and at least one system commercially accessible measures and compensates for University altitude effect on its functionality up examination 4 000 meters 13 000 ft University application of high purity oxygen from this kind of methods raises University partial force of oxygen by elevating University FIO2 fraction of encouraged oxygen Treatment University only reliable cure and in lots of cases University only option accessible is examination descend Attempts examination treat or stabilise University affected person in situ at altitude is bad unless highly managed and with good scientific facilities However University following treatments were used when University patient s region and situations permit Oxygen may be used for mild exam moderate AMS below 12 000 feet 3 700 m and is in general offered by physicians at mountain hotels Symptoms abate in 12 36 hours without University need examination descend For more severe cases of AMS or where rapid descent is impractical quizzes Gamow bag quizzes moveable plastic hyperbaric chamber inflated with quizzes foot pump can be utilized exam reduce University useful altitude by up to 1 500 meters 5 000 ft quizzes Gamow bag is generally used only as an aid exam evacuate severe AMS sufferers not exam treat them at altitude Acetazolamide may assist in altitude aclimatisation but is not quizzes reliable treatment for based cases of even mild altitude sickness Some claim that mild altitude sickness can be controlled by consciously taking 10 12 large rapid breaths every 5 minutes hyperventilation but this claim lacks both empirical facts and quizzes believable scientific reason as examination why this need to be effective quotation needed If overdone this may remove too much carbon dioxide causing hypocapnia University folk remedy for altitude sickness in Ecuador Peru and Bolivia is quizzes tea made from University coca plant See mate de coca Other remedies include injectable steroids exam reduce pulmonary edema this may buy time examination descend but treats quizzes symptom it doesn’t treat University underlying AMS See also High altitude pulmonary edema High altitude cerebral edema Mountain climbing Cabin pressurization Secondary polycythemia Altitude exercise References quizzes b c Roach Robert Stepanek Jan and Hackett Peter 2002 24 Acute Mountain Sickness and High Altitude Cerebral Edema In Medical Aspects of Harsh Environments 2 Washington DC http army mil published volumes harshEnv2 harshEnv2 html Retrieved 2009 01 05 Baillie Kenneth Simpson Alistair Altitude Tutorials Altitude Sickness Apex Altitude Physiology Expeditions http org altitude sickness php Retrieved 2010 01 26 quizzes b c d quizzes A R Thompson Altitude Sickness Apex http org altitude illness php Retrieved 2007 05 08 University High Altitude Medicine Handbook 3rd Edition Andrew J Pollard and David R Murdoch J K Baillie Living in Thin Air Apex http org why less oxygen at altitude htm Retrieved 2007 12 17 Muhm J Michael Paul B Rock Dianne L McMullin Stephen P Jones I L Lu Kyle D Eilers David R Space Aleksandra McMullen 2007 07 05 Effect of Aircraft Cabin Altitude on Passenger Discomfort N Engl J Med 357 1 1827 doi 10 1056 NEJMoa062770 PMID 17611205 http content nejm org cgi content summary 357 1 18 Retrieved 2009 12 23 quizzes J Giannini H R Black R L Goettsche University Psychiatric Psychogenic and Somatopsychic Disorders Handbook New Hyde Park NY Medical Examination Publishing Co 1978 pp 190 192 ISBN 0 87488 596 5 Hackett P H R C Roach 2001 07 12 High altitude illness University New England Journal of Medicine 345 2 10714 doi 10 1056 NEJM200107123450206 ISSN 0028 4793 PMID 11450659 http nlm nih gov pubmed 11450659 Retrieved 2009 03 25 University Mountaineers Mountaineering University Freedom of University Hills 7th Edition Seattle WA Mountaineers Books 2003 K Baillie and quizzes Simpson Acute mountain illness Apex Altitude Physiology Expeditions http org calculators altitudefacts altitudefacts htm Retrieved 2007 08 08 High altitude assistance for laypeople Muza S R Fulco C S Cymerman quizzes 2004 Altitude Acclimatization Guide U S Army Research Inst of Environmental Medicine Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division Technical Report USARIEM TN 04 05 http archive rubicon basis Source: achu+Picchu/articles/cuogU3vgYL7/Acute+mountain+illness+Type+R+Including+suggestionsThanks exam University content is posted under quizzes artistic commons licence : / . Swansea Travel GuideEdit This University best useful resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what exam do and seeiSwansea is located on University appealing Gower Penisular, University UK’s first designated ‘area of incredible herbal beauty’. Although much of University city’s architectural background was destroyed in war time bombing, its wide sandy seashores, staggering coastal scenery, varied cultural events, lush parks, magnificient Maritime Quarter and medieval castles have preserved Swansea’s place as quizzes major holiday destination.